Treatment options in patients with stage I seminoma

 

Treatment options in patients with stage I seminoma include radiotherapy (RT), surveillance, and adjuvant chemotherapy. The relapse rates differ between the 3 approaches  - surveillance (15%), RT (5%) and adjuvant chemotherapy (2%-8%). The available data suggest that almost 100 percent of patients are cured whichever approach is chosen as post-orchidectomy management. However, there is increasingly persuasive data that adjuvant RT in this setting is associated with a small but definite increased risk of second malignancy and cardiovascular death. In addition, the long-term data from surveillance series have documented the safety of this approach. While, adjuvant retroperitoneal RT was the standard of care for the past 50-60 years, it is now accepted that a policy of surveillance provides the optimal outcome, minimizing the burden of treatment while maintaining the cure rate at virtually 100%. Adjuvant RT remains a viable treatment option for those unable to follow a surveillance protocol. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be restricted to study settings as long term data on outcome is not available.

 

Bibliographical reference:

Chung P, Warde P: "Surveillance in stage I testicular seminoma", Urol Oncol. 2006 Jan-Feb;24(1):75-9

 

Padraig Warde
Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada