Surgical management of lung metastases in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland

 

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland is a very rare disease, comprising approximately 10% of all epithelial salivary neoplasms.  

Distant metastases occur in 25-50% of cases, even many years after the diagnosis. The lung followed by bone, brain and liver are the common sites. Twenty percent of patients with distant metastases is still alive at 5-years. The survival is strictly related to the site of disease metastatization, being lung the metastatic site with a better outcome compared to bone dissemination.

Palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy are resorted to symptomatic or progressive disease that can not be otherwise controlled, without any chance of care.

Pulmonary resection is currently the standard treatment for a variety of tumours, in which the complete removal of all metastatic lesions is associated with a long term survival.

A retrospective review of 20 ACC patients with lung metastases, referred to  our Institute from 1982 to 2001 and submitted to pulmonary metastasectomy, was performed. All patients were free of local recurrence at lung metastases diagnosis. We have observed that radical resection is more related with a low tumor burden, minor than 6 lesions along with unilateral lung involvement. A disease free interval > 36 months between the treatment of the primary tumor and the diagnosis of lung metastases identifies a subset of patients with a favourable prognosis. Three out of 20 patients are alive without disease at 68+, 20+ and 11+ months after the metastasectomy, however we do not know if these figures could be translated into a survival benefit. Since effective systemic treatments are virtually lacking, lung metastasectomy could be resorted in highly selected patients. We suggest a periodic follow up be performed with a chest x-ray every 6 months for the first five years after the primary surgery, at least once at year after five years, to detect lung lesions as early as possible in view of metastasectomy. 

 

Bibliographical reference:

Locati LD et al.: "Lung metastasectomy in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland", Oral Oncol. 2005 Oct;41(9):890-4

 

Laura Locati

Medical Oncology Unit / Head and Neck Unit, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori,  Milan, Italy