Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease

 


Androgen deprivation therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist is associated with increased fat mass and insulin resistance in men with prostate cancer, but the risk of obesity-related disease during treatment has not been well studied. To assess whether androgen deprivation therapy is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, we studied care for more than 70,000 men diagnosed with local or regional prostate cancer during 1991-1999 and followed for an average of 4.5 years.  We found that men treated with GnRH agonists had a 44% increased risk of developing diabetes, a 16% increased risk of coronary heart disease, an 11% increased risk of a myocardial infarction, and a 16% increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Because GnRH agonists are often given in situations for which their benefits are unproven, we believe that physicians and their patients should weight the potential benefits and risks when deciding about use of these drugs. Additional research is needed to identify populations of men at highest risk of treatment-related complications and to develop strategies to prevent treatment-related diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

 

Bibliographic reference:

Keating NL et al.: "Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease During Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer", JCO Sep 20 2006: 4448–4456

 

Nancy L. Keating

Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA