Implant breast reconstruction after radiation therapy for breast cancer

 


Implant reconstruction in breast cancer women treated with radiotherapy is controversial.

In our article published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery a retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent tissue expansion and implant breast reconstruction performed by a single surgeon after mastectomy for breast carcinoma from 1996 to 2003. Complications and aesthetic results were compared between women who received radiation therapy and those who did not.

A total of 104 patients (123 breasts) who underwent mastectomy and implant breast reconstruction were included in the study. Twenty-seven patients (27 breasts) received either premastectomy or postmastectomy radiotherapy for breast carcinoma. All women who received radiation therapy did so before completion of their implant reconstruction. Complications ultimately requiring prosthetic device removal or replacement and total complications were more frequent in breasts that received radiation than breasts that did not (18.5 percent versus 4.2 percent for complications requiring prosthetic removal or replacement and 40.7 percent versus 16.7 percent for total complications). Breast symmetry was significantly better in women who did not receive radiotherapy compared with those who did.

Implant breast reconstruction in patients who receive radiotherapy is possible but associated with more frequent complications and decreased aesthetic results. However, the present results compare favorably to those reported in prior articles: this may be attributable to the use of newer prostheses, staged breast reconstruction with initial tissue expansion, total muscular coverage of the implant and modern radiotherapy protocols.

 

Bibliographical reference: 

Ascherman JA et al.: “Implant reconstruction in breast cancer patients treated with radiation therapy”, Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 Feb;117(2):359-65.

 

Jeffrey Ascherman

Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA